See -len on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "el",
"3": "-en",
"nocat": "y",
"pos2": "adverb-forming suffix",
"t1": "past, over"
},
"expansion": "el (“past, over”) + -en (adverb-forming suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably a compound suffix from el (“past, over”) + -en (adverb-forming suffix) meaning past a certain time, space or number.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-len",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian suffixes with archaic senses",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "58 38 4 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 38 4 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "pedig + -len → pediglen",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "eddig + -len → eddiglen",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Usually added to words ending in the terminative case suffix -ig (“until, till, up to”) and it means the inclusion of the mentioned boundary (not just up to the boundary)."
],
"id": "en--len-hu-suffix-ojgRa3kj",
"links": [
[
"terminative",
"terminative"
],
[
"-ig",
"-ig#Hungarian"
]
],
"qualifier": "adverb-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(adverb-forming suffix, rare, archaic) Usually added to words ending in the terminative case suffix -ig (“until, till, up to”) and it means the inclusion of the mentioned boundary (not just up to the boundary)."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[lɛn]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛn"
}
],
"word": "-len"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-le"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "-le"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ang:-lian<id:frequentative>",
"id": "frequentative"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-lian\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-len\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-id=\"frequentative\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"-len\" id=\"Middle_English:_frequentative\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-lian"
},
"expansion": "Old English -lian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-lōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-lōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-lōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-lōną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English -lian, from Proto-West Germanic *-lōn, from Proto-Germanic *-lōną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-el",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-elen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-lien",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-len",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A frequentative suffix of verbs, indicating repetition or continuousness; -le."
],
"id": "en--len-enm-suffix-UX293Bmv",
"links": [
[
"-le",
"-le"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-(ə)lən/"
}
],
"word": "-len"
}
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "ـلن",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "-len",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish ـلن (-len)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "ـلن",
"tr": "-len"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ـلن (-len)",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ـلن (-len). Analyzable as -le (“noun-to-verb maker”) + -n (“reflexive mood”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-suffix-forms",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-lan",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-len",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-len",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "sinir (“anger”) + -len → sinirlenmek (“to get angry”)"
},
{
"text": "endişe (“anxiety”) + -len → endişelenmek (“to get anxious”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms passive verb stems from nouns."
],
"id": "en--len-tr-suffix-d5aWFl2v",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/læn/"
}
],
"word": "-len"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "-nən"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani -nən",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "-län"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz -län",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ilen, alternative form of ile. Cognate with Azerbaijani -nən, Gagauz -län.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-len",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-le"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of -le"
],
"id": "en--len-tr-suffix-H3Y207RE",
"links": [
[
"-le",
"-le#Turkish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, dialectal) alternative form of -le"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"colloquial",
"dialectal",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/læn/"
}
],
"word": "-len"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "el",
"3": "-en",
"nocat": "y",
"pos2": "adverb-forming suffix",
"t1": "past, over"
},
"expansion": "el (“past, over”) + -en (adverb-forming suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably a compound suffix from el (“past, over”) + -en (adverb-forming suffix) meaning past a certain time, space or number.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-len",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian adverb-forming suffixes",
"Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Hungarian lemmas",
"Hungarian suffixes",
"Hungarian suffixes with archaic senses",
"Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛn"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "pedig + -len → pediglen",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "eddig + -len → eddiglen",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Usually added to words ending in the terminative case suffix -ig (“until, till, up to”) and it means the inclusion of the mentioned boundary (not just up to the boundary)."
],
"links": [
[
"terminative",
"terminative"
],
[
"-ig",
"-ig#Hungarian"
]
],
"qualifier": "adverb-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(adverb-forming suffix, rare, archaic) Usually added to words ending in the terminative case suffix -ig (“until, till, up to”) and it means the inclusion of the mentioned boundary (not just up to the boundary)."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[lɛn]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛn"
}
],
"word": "-len"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-le"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "-le"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ang:-lian<id:frequentative>",
"id": "frequentative"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-lian\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-len\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-id=\"frequentative\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"-len\" id=\"Middle_English:_frequentative\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-lian"
},
"expansion": "Old English -lian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-lōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-lōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-lōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-lōną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English -lian, from Proto-West Germanic *-lōn, from Proto-Germanic *-lōną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-el",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-elen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-lien",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-len",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English suffixes",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verb-forming suffixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"A frequentative suffix of verbs, indicating repetition or continuousness; -le."
],
"links": [
[
"-le",
"-le"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-(ə)lən/"
}
],
"word": "-len"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish lemmas",
"Turkish suffixes",
"Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "ـلن",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "-len",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish ـلن (-len)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "ـلن",
"tr": "-len"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ـلن (-len)",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ـلن (-len). Analyzable as -le (“noun-to-verb maker”) + -n (“reflexive mood”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-suffix-forms",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-lan",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-len",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-len",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "sinir (“anger”) + -len → sinirlenmek (“to get angry”)"
},
{
"text": "endişe (“anxiety”) + -len → endişelenmek (“to get anxious”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms passive verb stems from nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/læn/"
}
],
"word": "-len"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish lemmas",
"Turkish suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "-nən"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani -nən",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "-län"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz -län",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ilen, alternative form of ile. Cognate with Azerbaijani -nən, Gagauz -län.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-len",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-le"
}
],
"categories": [
"Turkish colloquialisms",
"Turkish dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of -le"
],
"links": [
[
"-le",
"-le#Turkish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, dialectal) alternative form of -le"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"colloquial",
"dialectal",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/læn/"
}
],
"word": "-len"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -len meaning in All languages combined (6.7kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'a / ı / o / u'",
"path": [
"-len"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-len",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'e / i / ö / ü'",
"path": [
"-len"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-len",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (03da280 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.